Depression assessment

Depression assessmentDementia and depression frequently coexist and are common in later life. Depression is often unrecognised and therefore not treated properly. This can lead to decreased quality of life and functional abilities. The symptoms of depression include low mood, reduced energy, lack of interest in life, sleep and appetite disturbances, negative ideas and impaired concentration. These symptoms may be difficult to distinguish from dementia.

People with a past history of depression, cognitive impairment, chronic physical illness, substance abuse, recent major losses (for example, death of spouse), or those who have recently moved to residential care are more likely to develop depression.

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Delirium assessment

Delirium assessment

Delirium is an acute confusional state or episode characterised by a sudden onset of impaired cognition that results in a reduced ability to focus, sustain or shift attention. It is a serious medical problem that is often not recognised by health professionals. Delirium is associated with high levels of mortality and gradual deterioration of physical and cognitive function.

Delirium can be difficult to recognise as the symptoms vary. Symptoms include decreased attention span, disorganised thought, rambling speech, and hallucinations and delusions may also develop. Confusion may fluctuate throughout the day, often with a disturbed sleep wake cycle. It has a rapid onset and family and carers may notice a sudden change in level of confusion and general wellbeing.

Level of consciousness may also vary, and the person may be hyperalert, with agitation and high levels of arousal, or conversely hypoalert, lethargic and non-responsive. Delirium may often be missed in older people

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Introduction to Assessment & diagnosis

Intoduction

Dementia develops slowly and may not become obvious for some time. While it may be years before an assessment is considered, it is important to talk to a doctor or health professional as early as possible. Sometimes the person experiencing symptoms or their family may notice something is not right, and it is important that health professionals respond to such concerns. The person experiencing memory and thinking problems may be reluctant to visit a doctor, as they may be unaware of their symptoms or fearful of receiving a diagnosis. This can be a challenging time for both the person experiencing symptoms and their family.

Sometimes a diagnosis of dementia comes as a relief, helping the person with dementia and their family understand the changes that have been occurring. An early diagnosis is important as it allows the person and their family time to prepare and plan for the future. There are also treatments that are most effective in the early stages, so diagnosis increases availability of these options.

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